低温卸车臂与卸车增压器Cryogenic unloading arm and booster
LNG/液氮槽车卸液的成套接口设备：卸车臂、增压器、低温软管与氮气吹扫。Complete unloading interface: arm, booster, cryogenic hose and purge.
产品概述Product overview
卸车是整站里最容易出问题的环节，因为它由人操作。卸车臂的价值在于把“人对着低温法兰拧螺栓”变成“把臂拉过来对接”：旋转接头提供多自由度，对接后靠密封圈与卡箍锁紧，拆装时氮气吹扫防结霜。卸车增压器则负责把槽车压力顶到能出液的水平，常见为为空温式或水浴式。Unloading is the most operator-dependent step; a swivel-joint arm replaces hand-bolting cryogenic flanges, with nitrogen purge on connect and disconnect.
低温软管是耗材也是薄弱点，外层不锈钢编织、内层波纹管，按规定周期做气密与外观检查，超期或鼓包必须更换，不能靠“还能用”继续撑。Cryogenic hose is a wear item: braided stainless over corrugated core, replaced on schedule or on bulging.
工作原理：低温鹤管的三处关节Working principle: three joints of a cryogenic loading arm
装卸臂（鹤管）把槽车与站内管路连起来，靠三个旋转关节实现三维运动：底部回转、中间俯仰、末端对接。每个关节既是运动部件，也是密封部件——低温下密封材料收缩、润滑失效，这里是整台设备最容易出问题的地方。A loading arm connects the trailer to the station pipework through three swivel joints: base rotation, mid-arm elevation and the final coupling. Each joint is both a bearing and a seal, and at cryogenic temperature seals shrink and lubricants stop working — which is where these arms fail.
低温鹤管还要处理“冷缩”：不锈钢管路从常温降到 −162 ℃ 会明显缩短，必须靠关节与补偿结构吸收，否则应力会传到法兰与焊缝。因此安装时的冷态预调、支撑位置与配重都很关键。Cryogenic arms must also absorb contraction: stainless pipe shortens appreciably from ambient to −162 °C, and the joints plus compensation must take it up, or the stress reaches flanges and welds. Cold-state pre-setting, support position and counterbalance therefore matter.
安全设计包括：紧急脱离装置（拉断阀或断裂螺栓）、快速切断、静电接地、以及对接时的密封与锁紧。拉断时先切断、后脱离，是必须验证的联锁动作。Safety features include an emergency release (breakaway coupling or shear bolts), quick shut-off, static earthing, and a sealed, locked connection. Shut-off before release is an interlock that must be proven, not assumed.
结构组成What is on the skid
核心优势Why this design
- 省人力：一人可完成对接，减少低温暴露时间。One-person connection, less cold exposure.
- 密封可靠：专用低温接头 + 吹扫，减少结霜卡死。Cryogenic couplings with purge.
- 成套供应：臂、增压器、软管同批交付，接口一致。Arm, booster and hose delivered as a set.
- 维护简单：密封件与软管按周期更换。Scheduled seal and hose replacement.
产品实拍Product photos
卸车撬（卸气柱）· 接口与管路Unloading skid — connection and piping 点击图片放大查看。 Click to enlarge.
技术参数Technical data
| 适用介质Medium | LNG / LN₂ / LO₂ / LArLNG / LN₂ / LO₂ / LAr |
|---|---|
| 介质温度Temperature | 最低 −196 ℃down to −196 °C |
| 公称口径Size | DN25–DN80（按槽车接口）DN25–DN80 |
| 连接形式Connection | 低温快速接头 / 法兰Cryogenic coupling or flange |
| 增压器形式Booster | 空温式 / 水浴式Ambient / water bath |
| 配套Accessories | 氮气吹扫、静电接地、拉断保护Purge, earthing, breakaway |
表中为该系列典型配置。项目流量、介质与进出口压力不同时按工况单独设计，参数以合同技术文件为准。Typical configuration; units are engineered per duty and the contract data sheet governs.
选型与计算要点Selection points
适用工况Typical duties
适合什么工况，什么情况不适用Where it fits, and where it does not
这套设备适合Best for
- 快速接头连接，卸车准备时间短Quick coupling keeps set-up short
- 设吹扫置换接口，作业前后可置换Purge connections before and after transfer
- 拉断保护，意外脱离自动切断Breakaway protection closes on separation
- 可与计量段组合，用于交接核对Can include a metering run for custody check
需要提前确认的边界Check before ordering
- 接口标准需与槽车一致，不同车型需配转换接头Coupling must match the truck; adaptors may be needed
- 作业需专人操作、静电接地检查Trained operator and static earthing check required
- 软管属易损件，需按周期检查更换Hoses are wear items and need periodic inspection
标准配置Standard configuration
以上为常规配置，实际随机组按工况与用户管网条件确定，可按需增减。Standard scope shown; final scope is set by duty and network conditions, and can be adjusted.
主要零部件Main components
零部件的品牌与型号按项目技术要求与用户指定品牌确定，页内不限定具体厂家。Brand and model are fixed by project specification and the user's approved vendor list.
常见问题FAQ
关节处结霜正常吗？Is frost at a joint normal?
轻微结霜常见；持续结霜并伴有滴液说明密封已磨损，需要更换。不要用加热强行化霜，会加剧密封损坏。Light frosting is common; continuous frosting with dripping means the seal is worn and needs renewal. Do not force it with heat — that accelerates seal damage.
多久需要检修密封？How often are seals serviced?
按装卸次数与泄漏检查结果确定，通常每年至少检查一次，频繁作业的场合更短。检修记录要留下。By loading count and leak checks, typically at least annually and more often with heavy use. Keep the service records.
可以用于其他介质吗？Can it handle other media?
结构与材质相近，但密封与清洁度要求随介质变化；氧气或氢气场合不能直接沿用 LNG 的配置。Similar in structure, but seals and cleanliness change with the medium; oxygen or hydrogen service cannot reuse an LNG configuration as-is.
拉断阀动作后还能用吗？Is the breakaway reusable after tripping?
多数型号可复位，但要检查密封面与切断阀，并按厂家要求做压力试验后才能继续使用。Most types can be reset, but the sealing faces and shut-off must be inspected and pressure-tested as the maker requires before reuse.
安装要注意什么？What matters at installation?
基础水平、支撑位置、冷态预调与接地。基础不平会让关节长期承受偏载，是早期泄漏的常见原因。Level foundation, support position, cold-state adjustment and earthing. An uneven base loads the joints permanently and is a common cause of early leakage.
同类设备Related equipment
把你的工况发过来，我们出选型表Send your duty, we return a selection sheet
需要提供：介质、最大/最小流量、进口压力、出口压力、现场热源（电/热水/蒸汽）、安装场地条件。We need medium, min/max flow, inlet and outlet pressure, available heat source and site conditions.