高压进撬，稳压出站High pressure in, steady pressure out
CNG 减压撬：槽车 20 MPa 的压缩天然气，在撬上完成换热、两级减压、计量与安全放散，稳到管网或直供用户能用的压力。CNG pressure reducing skid: 20 MPa yard gas is heated, reduced in two stages, metered and relieved on one skid, down to network or burner pressure.
产品概述Product overview
CNG 减压撬解决的问题很具体：槽车压力随存量从 20 MPa 一路衰减到 3 MPa 以下，而下游管网只认 0.2–0.4 MPa（直供工业窑炉可低至 0.09 MPa）。中间这段落差既是压力问题，也是温度问题——高压天然气节流后温度可骤降到 −30℃ 以下，不换热就会结霜、冰堵，甚至冻裂阀口。泰燃的做法是把减压与换热放在同一撬体里成对设计，而不是先减压再补加热。Yard pressure decays from 20 MPa toward 3 MPa while the network only accepts 0.2–0.4 MPa. Joule-Thomson cooling can push gas below −30 °C, so reduction and heat exchange are designed as one pair on a single skid.
典型结构为两级减压串联：一级把 20–25 MPa 降到 2.0–3.0 MPa，二级再降到用户压力。单级压差被拆小，阀口冲刷和噪音随之下降，调节精度也更容易守住。工业和连续供气场合按“一开一备”双路配置，主路检修时备用路自动接替，不停气。换热按现场条件三选一：电加热（无热水源的点供站）、热水（锅炉或余热）、蒸汽（有蒸汽源的工厂）。Two-stage reduction splits the ratio, reducing seat erosion; duty/standby circuits keep gas flowing during maintenance. Heat source is electric, hot water or steam depending on site.
撬体出厂前完成焊接、探伤、强度与气密试验、抛丸涂装，控制柜与仪表接线在厂内联调。到现场只剩基础找平、进出口对接、氮气置换与升压——这也是撬装相对厂站式最大的价值，土建量和工期一起压缩。Welding, NDT, pressure and leak tests, blasting and coating are finished in the workshop; on site only levelling, connection, purging and pressurising remain.
工作原理：为什么必须“先换热、再减压”Working principle: heat first, reduce second
压缩天然气从槽车出来时是 20 MPa 的高压气体，进入管网前必须降压。降压动作本身是节流——气体通过阀口时不做外功，焓值基本不变，压力降下去、温度也就跟着掉下去。这是焦耳-汤姆逊效应，天然气在常温段的节流温降系数大致在每降 1 MPa 掉 0.4–0.5 ℃ 的量级，从 20 MPa 降到 0.4 MPa 的落差足以把气体拉到零下几十度。CNG leaves the trailer at up to 20 MPa and must be reduced before it enters a network. Throttling keeps enthalpy roughly constant, so the pressure drop becomes a temperature drop. For natural gas near ambient the Joule-Thomson coefficient is in the order of 0.4–0.5 °C per MPa, and a drop from 20 MPa to 0.4 MPa is enough to take the gas tens of degrees below zero.
温度掉下去会带来两个后果：一是水分析出结冰，二是一级阀口的密封材料失去弹性。冰堵不是“偶尔的故障”，而是设计不当的必然结果。所以泰燃的撬体把换热器放在一级减压之前，先把进气加热到有余量的温度，再让它节流；这样二级阀口拿到的始终是不结冰的气体。Two consequences follow: free water freezes, and elastomer seats lose resilience at the first-stage seat. Icing is not an occasional fault — it is the predictable result of a wrong layout. Tairan therefore puts the heat exchanger ahead of the first-stage reducer, so the gas entering the second stage is always above the icing window.
气路顺序固定为：进口球阀 → 过滤器（拦截颗粒与锈渣）→ 换热器 → 一级减压 → 二级减压 → 安全切断/放散 → 计量 → 出口。每一段之间都留取压口，便于现场用压力表分段判断堵塞与泄漏位置；这是后期运维最省事的细节。The gas path is fixed: inlet ball valve → filter → heat exchanger → first-stage reduction → second-stage reduction → safety shut-off / relief → metering → outlet. A pressure tap between every section lets a fitter locate a blockage or leak segment by segment — the cheapest maintenance detail to build in.
结构组成What is on the skid
核心优势Why this design
- 双路自动切换：主路超压、失压或故障时切至备用路，连续供气不中断。Automatic changeover to standby on fault.
- 两级减压拆压差：单级压比小，阀口寿命长，出口压力不随上游衰减而漂移。Two stages split the ratio for stable outlet.
- 成套换热：按现场热源配置，出气温度可控，冬季不冰堵。Heat source matched to site; no winter icing.
- 厂内完成试验：强度、气密、仪表联调在出厂前做完，现场调试时间短。Shop-tested before shipment.
- 资质齐全：压力管道元件制造许可 TS2713287-2027、GC2 级安装许可 TS3813652-2027。Manufacture licence TS2713287-2027 and GC2 installation licence TS3813652-2027.
产品实拍Product photos
CNG 减压撬 · 出厂前实拍CNG reducing skid — shop-floor photos 点击图片放大查看。 Click to enlarge.
按规格挑，点进去看现场实拍Pick a size, see the site photos
同一个型号，照片比文字更能说明做工：撬体骨架、管路走向、阀组排布、接地点和保温层都在里面。选一个规格，进去看它在车间和现场的实拍。Skid frame, piping runs, valve layout and insulation, shown as built.
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7 张实拍技术参数Technical data
| 参数 | CNG-300 | CNG-500 | CNG-1000 | CNG-2000 | CNG-2000 | CNG-3000 | CNG-4000 | CNG-5000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 小时最大流量 Nm³/h | 300 | 500 | 1000 | 2000 | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 |
| 结构形式 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 | 一用一备 |
| 调压级数 | 二级 | 二级 | 二级 | 二级 | 三级 | 三级 | 三级 | 三级 |
| 进水温度 ℃ | 65–85 | 65–85 | 65–85 | 65–85 | 65–85 | 65–85 | 65–85 | 65–85 |
| 一 / 二级换热回水温度 ℃ | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 | 60 / 60 |
| 出口气体温度 ℃ | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 |
| 一级调压后压力 MPa | 0.4–1.4 | 0.4–1.4 | 0.4–1.4 | 0.4–1.4 | 1.0–4.0 | 1.0–4.0 | 3.0–7.5 | 3.0–7.5 |
| 二级调压后压力 MPa | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 | 1.0–4.0 | 1.0–4.0 |
| 三级调压后压力 MPa | 0.01–0.02 | 0.01–0.02 | 0.01–0.02 | 0.01–0.03 | 0.03–0.05 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.4 |
| 一级放散压力 MPa | 1.44–1.76 | 1.44–1.76 | 1.44–1.76 | 1.44–1.76 | 1.1–4.4 | 1.1–4.4 | 3.3–7.7 | 3.3–7.7 |
| 二级放散压力 MPa | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 | 1.1–4.4 | 1.1–4.4 |
| 三级放散压力 MPa | 0.015–0.025 | 0.015–0.025 | 0.015–0.025 | 0.015–0.035 | 0.035–0.055 | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 | 0.11–0.44 |
| 进口通径 | DN25 | DN25 | DN25 | DN25 | DN40 | DN50 | DN50 | DN50 |
| 出口通径 | DN50 | DN80 | DN100 | DN100 | DN150 | DN150 | DN200 | DN200 |
| 外形尺寸 长×宽×高 m | 2.5×1.8×2 | 3.0×1.8×2 | 3.5×2×2.1 | 3.8×2×2.1 | 3.8×2×2.1 | 5.5×2×2.2 | 5.5×2×2.2 | 6.0×2×2.2 |
| 重量 t | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.8 |
| 功率 kW | 9 | 15 | 30 | 60 | 60 | 100 | 120 | 150 |
| 选配锅炉功率 kW | 20 | 25 | 50 | 100 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 |
二级调压工艺：槽车来气经一级换热、一级调压（1.0–4.0 MPa）→ 二级换热、二级调压（0.1–0.4 MPa）→ 计量、加臭 → 中压管网；三级调压工艺在此基础上再降到 10–30 kPa 后进入低压管网。各级压力、温度、流量与两路切换均由中控台联锁控制。
以上为常规配置参数，取自公司产品画册；流量、介质、进出口压力与接口不同时按工况单独设计，以合同技术文件为准。
选型与计算要点：先算热负荷，再定阀口Selection: size the heat load before the valve
适用工况Typical duties
与传统方案的对比Against the conventional approach
| 比较维度Item | 厂站式减压Brick-built station | 泰燃撬装式Ta'ran skid |
|---|---|---|
| 建设周期Lead time | 土建+安装，3–6 个月3–6 months | 厂内预制，现场 3–7 天接入3–7 days on site |
| 压差处理Pressure split | 单级大压差，阀口冲刷Single large drop | 两级拆分，阀口寿命长Split across two stages |
| 冬季运行Winter | 需另设加热，易冰堵Extra heating needed | 换热随机集成，出气≥5℃Heat integrated, ≥5 °C |
| 检修供气Maintenance | 停气检修Supply stops | 双路自动切换不停气Auto changeover |
适合什么工况，什么情况不适用Where it fits, and where it does not
这套设备适合Best for
- 撬装成套，现场只需接进出口管路与电源，安装以小时计Skid-mounted; site work is limited to piping and power
- 双路一备，换路不停气，适合连续生产用户Duty / standby changeover without stopping supply
- 两级减压分摊压差，阀后压力稳定、波动小Two-stage reduction keeps outlet pressure steady
- 换热与计量集成在同一撬上，冬季不易冰堵Heating and metering on one skid; less icing in winter
需要提前确认的边界Check before ordering
- 需要 20 MPa 级槽车或储气瓶组作气源，无气源不能独立供气Needs 20 MPa yard gas or cylinder banks as source
- 流量超过 3000 Nm³/h 后撬体尺寸与吊装条件要求提高Above 3000 Nm³/h the skid grows and lifting conditions tighten
- 出口压力低于 0.05 MPa 的超低压场合需另配末级调压Below 0.05 MPa outlet an extra final stage is needed
标准配置Standard configuration
以上为常规配置，实际随机组按工况与用户管网条件确定，可按需增减。Standard scope shown; final scope is set by duty and network conditions, and can be adjusted.
主要零部件Main components
零部件的品牌与型号按项目技术要求与用户指定品牌确定，页内不限定具体厂家。Brand and model are fixed by project specification and the user's approved vendor list.
常见问题：现场最常遇到的五个FAQ: the five questions we hear most
冬天出口压力为什么掉得快？Why does outlet pressure sag in winter?
多数是换热余量不足。进口温度低、热负荷没跟上，一级节流后温度降到冰点以下，二级阀口结霜后流量受限。先查换热器出水/出风温度与热负荷，再查二级阀口是否已经结冰。Usually insufficient heat duty: the first-stage outlet falls below freezing and the second-stage seat frosts up. Check the heater outlet temperature and duty first, then whether the second-stage seat is iced.
出口压力波动大，是阀的问题吗？Is the fluctuation a valve problem?
先看上游是否在切换槽车、进口压力是否突变；再看取压点位置是否离阀口太近。取压点过近会让调节器“追着”自己的动作跑，表现为持续摆动。Check whether a trailer change or an inlet step is upstream, then whether the sensing tap sits too close to the seat — a tap that is too close makes the regulator chase its own action.
噪音大怎么办？How is noise reduced?
节流噪音来自高流速。办法有三个：加大单级压差分配的均衡度、在阀后加消音/扩散段、把出口管径放大一号。不要用包隔音棉的办法糊过去，那是掩盖而不是解决。Throttling noise comes from velocity. Balance the stage ratio, add a diffuser downstream, or step the outlet pipe up one size. Wrapping the pipe in insulation only hides the problem.
能直接给车间供气吗？Can it feed a workshop directly?
可以，但要确认末端用气设备的允许压力范围与流量曲线。直供通常出口压力更低（例如 0.09 MPa 级），此时更要注意出口管径与压损。Yes, provided the end users' allowable pressure band and flow curve are known. Direct supply usually runs at a lower outlet pressure, which makes outlet sizing and pressure loss more critical.
验收要准备哪些资料？What paperwork comes with delivery?
随货交付：材质证明、焊接与探伤记录、强度与气密试验报告、特种设备监督检验报告、电气与仪表调试记录、操作维护手册。资料在厂内一次整理齐，现场只做签收。Material certificates, welding and NDT records, strength and tightness test reports, the special-equipment inspection report, electrical and instrument commissioning records and the O&M manual — compiled in the workshop, signed for on site.
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把你的工况发过来，我们出选型表Send your duty, we return a selection sheet
需要提供：介质、最大/最小流量、进口压力、出口压力、现场热源（电/热水/蒸汽）、安装场地条件。We need medium, min/max flow, inlet and outlet pressure, available heat source and site conditions.